Gum irritation is a common issue. It can be caused by numerous factors, including plaque and bacterial buildup along the gumline. But what if you notice a new bump on your gum tissue? Is this something to be concerned about? This is definitely something you should mention to your dentist to rule out serious issues. Continue reading to learn about the possible causes of bumps on the gums.
Cyst
A cyst is a small bubble that is filled with liquid, soft material. Dental cysts can form on the gums, usually around the roots of dead or buried teeth. They get larger over time and aren’t usually a serious issue. However, larger cysts can put pressure on your teeth and lead to weakness in the jaw when they progress. In the majority of cases, dental cysts are easy to remove with a straightforward procedure.
Abscess
Abscesses in the gums are called “periodontal abscesses.” They are caused by bacterial infections. An abscess feels like a soft, warm bump. They can be painful and are filled with pus. Here are some of the most common symptoms that one with an abscess experiences:
- Throbbing pain
- Pain that spreads to the ear, jaw, and neck
- Pain that worsens when lying down
- Redness and swelling in the gums and face
Canker Sore
These small mouth ulcers can form at the base of the gums. They are generally harmless but can be painful. Typically, they appear as white or yellow spots with a red border, are either flat or slightly raised, and are tender. In most cases, canker sores heal on their own within a week or so without issue. Over-the-counter analgesics can be used to minimize pain in the meantime.
Fibroma
This is the most common cause of tumor-like bumps on the gums. They are noncancerous and form on irritated or injured gums. They are usually a result of irritation from dentures or other oral devices. Fibromas don’t cause pain, and they feel like hard, smooth, dome-shaped lumps. They can be lighter or darker than the rest of your gum tissue. In most cases, fibromas don’t require treatment, but doctors can surgically remove them if they are large.
Pyogenic Granuloma
This is a bump that appears in the mouth. It looks like a swollen, blood-filled lump that bleeds easily. We don’t know exactly why they develop, but it’s believed that minor injuries and irritation play a role. These are usually soft, painless, and a deep red or purple color.
Oral Cancer
This refers to cancer in any part of the mouth. A cancerous tumor on your gums could look like a small growth, lump, or thickening of the skin. Other symptoms include a white or red patch, tongue pain, jaw pain, loose teeth, and pain when chewing or swallowing. If there are any concerns, a gum biopsy can be completed. This is when a doctor takes a sample of the bump and examines it for cancer cells.
Bumps on the gums aren’t usually caused by anything serious, but it’s always best to have them checked out by your dentist just in case. By being cautious and taking the right steps, you can keep your smile beautiful and healthy!
About the Author
Dr. George Salem is an experienced dentist who has been serving Braintree for over 35 years! He achieved his dental doctorate from the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine and earned the award of Mastership within the Academy of General Dentistry. He has also received multiple other awards, including being named the “Best Dental Care Facility” for 2022 and 2023 by Market Surveys of America and the “Best Dentist in Braintree” by the Braintree Award Program in 2023. If you have concerns about your gums, his dental team would be happy to help. For more information or to schedule an appointment, visit his website or call (781) 843-0660.